Converting Atmospheres to Pressure Unit Bars

This example problem demonstrates how to convert the pressure units bar (bar) to atmospheres (atm). Atmosphere originally was a unit related to the air pressure at sea level. It was later defined as 1.01325 x 105 pascals. A bar is a pressure unit defined as 100 kilopascals. This makes one atmosphere nearly equal to one bar, specifically: 1 atm 1.01325 bar. Problem: The pressure under the ocean increases roughly 0.1 atm per meter. At 1 km, the water pressure is 99.136 atmospheres. What is this pressure in bars? Solution: 1 atm 1.01325 barSet up the conversion so the desired unit will be canceled out. In this case, we want ​the  bar to be the remaining unit.pressure in bar (pressure in atm) x (1.01325 bar/1 atm)pressure in bar (99.136 x 1.01325) barpressure in bar 100.45 bar Answer: The water pressure at a depth of 1 km is 100.45 bar.

The Qr Transformation Protects The Upper Hessenberg Type...

The QR transformation protects the upper Hessenberg type of the first matrix, and the workload on such a matrix is O(n2) per cycle as restricted to O(†ªn3) on a general framework. As s tends to infinity, the original matrix merges to a structure where the eigenvalues are either segregated on the corner to corner or are eigenvalues of a 2 Ãâ€" 2 sub-matrix on the diagonal. Thus, we can see that the QR transformation reduces the complexity and the number of iterations. QR is one of the mostly used algorithms for finding the eigenvalues of a matrix, where Q represents an orthogonal matrix and R an upper-triangular one, R comes from right. †¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬ Now we consider a non-singular matrix with real entries, either symmetrical or not. In essence, the QR algorithm is based on the following property: If A is factorized in the product A=QR, where Q is non-singular, then the matrix of the product in reverse order, A’=RQ, has the same eigenvalues as A has (having similarity with A). The invention of the QR algorithm The QR transformation was introduced in the late 1950s by John G.F. Francis (England) [6] and by Vera N. Kublanovskaya (USSR) [7], working separately. The QR calculation has been named as one of the ten most critical calculations of the twentieth century. John G.F. Francis (conceived 1934) is an English PC researcher. In 1954 he worked for the National Research Development. In 1955–1956 he went to Cambridge University, yet did not

Project Management Methodologies Comparison †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Project Management Methodologies Comparison. Answer: Project Management Methodology definition from five different sources with the methodology role in Project Management: Definition 1: According to the Author,Project management is the implementation of undertaking new changes and innovations in the project which is achieve from some tools namely, approaches made to solve a problem and the technique of management (Ahern, Leavy Byrne, 2014). Definition 2: According to the author, theMethodology of Project Management for an organization is as a guide that serves the organization to select projects, teams plan in the project work, and manages the Oversight, Sponsors and Customers requirement that collaborate with the design and delivery of the project (Grajek, 2015). Definition 3: According to the Author, theProject Management Methodology provides explicit information for the project managers that reflect the current guidance and knowledge to achieve a project outcome that has repeatedly successful (Joslin, 2014). The author has tried to provide an advance understanding of the PMM through natural development of social science, using the research methods that have proven the context of the project, governance of the project in relation with the PMM and lot more. Definition 4: The Author defines PMM as the application of skills, knowledge, the techniques and tools that may meet or may even exceed the requirements that every project has. It has a standard guidelines and methods that ensures the completion of the project in time, well- managed in a consistent manner and within the budget to deliver a quality results (Ljevo, Vukomanovi? Rustempai?, 2017). Definition 5: The Author has define the PMM in IT as an important mechanism that control the governance of IT to support the Managers to achieve success in a more predictable manner (Terlizzi, de Souza Meirelles de Moraes, 2016). Comparison of PIRNCE2 with PMBoK Pro and Cons: For the best practice of project management, there are some pros and cons of PRINCE2 versus PMBoK. In the system of PMBoK users find a frameworks that are more substantial for management of scope, contract and other aspects that are less robust in the methodology of Prince2. Unfortunately, most of the PMBoK users are not much happy with the limits of solely making a decision for a project manager (Karaman Kurt, 2015). It make difficult for the project manager to hand over the management aspects to the senior managers and other parties. With the use of PMBok the manager of the project become the primary planner, decision maker, manager of Human Resource, problem solver and more. The project management program of PRINCE2 shares the financial and functional authority not only to the manager of the project but also with the senior management. On the behalf of a senior management of an organizations, the program helps to focus to oversee the project by the manager of the project. PRINCE2 pros side is that it provides an approach to single standard for the management of the project (Coppola, D'Ambrogio Gianni, 2016). Due to this reason, the global and the government organizations prefer to choose this methodology. It is so useful that the ease of using it becomes easier to learn by the managers no matter whether they have a limited experience. The cons of PRINCE2 are that the soft skills to which the manager of the project has to focus is missing. Relating Prince2 methodology with the project life cycle The methodology of PRINCE2 has seven processes for the project life cycle and these processes are discussed below (Kloppenborg, Tesch Manolis, 2014): Project Startup: This is the first stage of the project. It is also known as the Pre-Project process. The Project Manager and the Executive, both are responsible for establishing the project, assigning the team for a project management, and creating a stage plan for the initiation stage to begin. Project Initiation: In this process, the project plan and the case of the business are finalized. It defines the quality of the product, Project product, costs and timeline of the project, analysis of risk, and resources commitment and assembles them into Project Initiation Documentation. Project direction: In this process, the Project Board is responsible for authorizing the stage of the project and using the style management, manages the overall project. Stage Control: The project manager does most of the work on this stage. With the use of this process, the Project Manager monitors the work, observes the changes, takes actions with correctiveness and discuss about it with the stakeholders. This action will be repeated until the completion of the stage. Product Delivery management: In this process, the plans of the products are created and the team manager is responsible to undertake the execution of the Work Package. The Project Manager delivers the Work Package to the Team Manager who then tests and completes the work package and returns it back to the Project Manager. Stage Boundary Management: In this stage, the process has two main functions, the first is the existing stage performance reporting and secondly, the planning of the next stage. The process evaluates the report of the End Stage and the Plan of the Next Stage and then submits it to the Project Board. Project Closing: This process is the last stage of the project. For the closure of the project, PRINCE2 prepare activities like the Report of Lessons that are learned, Report of the End Project and the Report of Acceptance. The following figure gives the overview of the lifecycle of the project: References: Ahern, T., Leavy, B., Byrne, P. J. (2014). Complex project management as complex problem solving: A distributed knowledge management perspective. International Journal of Project Management, 32(8), 1371-1381. Coppola, D., D'Ambrogio, A., Gianni, D. (2016). Bringing Model-based Systems Engineering Capabilities to Project Management: an Application to PRINCE2. In CIISE (pp. 6-15). Grajek, S. (2015). Top 10 IT issues, 2015: inflection point. Educause Review, 50(1), 10-48. Joslin, R. (2014). Relationship between Project Management Methodology (PMM), Project Success, and Project Governance. Karaman, E., Kurt, M. (2015). Comparison of project management methodologies: prince 2 versus PMBOK for it projects. Int. Journal of Applied Sciences and Engineering Research, 4(5), 657-664. Kloppenborg, T. J., Tesch, D., Manolis, C. (2014). Project success and executive sponsor behaviors: Empirical life cycle stage investigations. Project Management Journal, 45(1), 9-20. Ljevo, Ã… ½., Vukomanovi?, M., Rustempai?, N. (2017). Analysing significance of key quality factors for management of construction projects. Gra?evinar, 69(05.), 359-366. Terlizzi, M. A., de Souza Meirelles, F., de Moraes, H. R. O. C. (2016). Barriers to the use of an IT project management methodology in a large financial institution. International Journal of Project Management, 34(3), 467-479.

Clinical Trials A Practical Approach

Questions: Do you think that there are ethical issues with the clinical trial in regards to the people who are randomly selected for a placebo? Do you think that the monetary incentive (getting payed $3,000 per erolled subject) will cause the doctors to take unnecessary risk at the expense of the subject. How importiant is the consent process in the ethics of any clinical trials? Answers: 1. One of the two ethical concerns in a double blind placebo treatment is that the physician has a moral and professional duty to work towards the betterment of his patients (Pocock). Subjecting a type II diabetes patient to a placebo treatment is neither safe nor ethical. The test may induce organ damage due to increased diabetes in the patient. However, if validity and value of the treatment can be proven then this argument can be avoided. By offering a placebo treatment instead of a valid treatment Drs. Smith Jones will be deceiving their patients; which is not ethical either. 2. Monetary incentives can oftentimes compensate for ethical concerns. Here Drs. Smith and Jones are being offered $3,000 for each enrolled subject, which might give rise to greed. The doctors may ignore ethical concerns because the money is good. Not only that, the doctors may subject more and more patients to the trial although the level of consent is low. This is neither god for the research nor for the patients health concerns. Not only that, this attitude will also give rise to research related problems, which might give inconclusive results in the end. 3. The only way to conduct clinical trials as this one ethically is to keep the patients well being first (Rutherford and Roose). The doctors intention should be benevolent. The consent of the patient plays a great role in clinical trials with placebo groups. The patient should have all the information about his or her condition;, what works what does not work for him or her and why the doctor is choosing the trial for him or her. Whenever a patient asks the doctors any question about the nature and the effects of the placebo, the doctors will be ethically bound to answer them correctly. Whether the doctor approves or not, the patients consent should decide the course of action. References Pocock, Stuart J.Clinical trials: a practical approach. John Wiley Sons, 2013. Rutherford, Bret R., and Steven P. Roose. "A model of placebo response in antidepressant clinical trials."American Journal of Psychiatry(2013).